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A Material Sacrifice is the result of a move (sequence), where the side having the initiative sacrifices material to obtain in compensation dynamic advantages like: (Classical Chess Theory - NCT VI - "Chess move classification"). Double Sacrifice: Is constituted by two linked sacrifices having generally a common objective You will find a beautiful and quite recent example with the Anand's Double Knight Sacrifice in the game: Anand, Wiswanathan (2755) - Ponomariov, Rusian (2743) D27 (46) 1-0, Duel of the World Champions rapid, Mainz, 2002 studied in the: 
New Chess Theory Lecture - NCT VI - "Chess move classification"
(Classical Chess Theory - NCT VI - "Chess move classification"). Pseudo Sacrifice: is an apparent sacrifice, with later recovery of the material. However this type of exchange is a constraint imposed on the adversary, which very often comprises interesting dynamic aspects. In light, the assessment can prove to be positive for the attacker (Classical Chess Theory - NCT VI - "Chess move classification"). A Sham Sacrifice is a move which on the face of it appears to be a sacrifice, but if accepted will yield the player offering the piece a gain in material or a strong positional advantage (see:
Chess-Poster.com - Chess Glossary ).
(Classical Chess Theory - NCT VI - "Chess move classification"). A Quality Sacrifice results of the exchange between a Rook of a camp and a minor piece of the other. Being given that a Rook is worth a minor piece plus two pawns, one can still speak about sacrifice of quality in the event of exchange of a Rook against a minor piece plus a pawn. The Quality sacrifice is a frequent theme in a chess game. Also, it is interesting and instructive to study with precision its consequences, as we will have many occasions to make it on this site. (Chess Terminology - NCT VI - "Chess move classification"). A Bishop or a Knight is often sacrificed for a pawn (sometimes two or three pawns). The main usual examples are the sacrifices in f7 (f2), h7 (h2) or h6 (h3) (in this last case, if Black (White) has advanced his h-pawn of a square). In each cases the objective is to demolish the kingside castling and to expose the adverse King to future attacks One finds similar minor piece sacrifices concerning other situations like the attack against the queenside castling. (Chess Terminology - NCT VI - "Chess move classification"). Rook Sacrifice: More a piece is powerful more its sacrifice is spectacular. Also, a Rook Sacrifice for one, two or three pawns is a significant event on the chessboard. A Rook is able, by its sacrifice to: Still more spectacular is the double sacrifice of both Rooks. At this subject we invite you to follow once more the course of the famous game: Anderssen, Adolf - Kieserizky, Lionel C33 (23) 1-0, London "Immortal game", 1851 studied in the:
New Chess Theory Lecture - NCT VI - "Chess move classification"
(Classical Chess Theory - NCT VI - "Chess move classification"). A Queen Sacrifice is the most fascinating sacrifice it is possible to imagine on the chessboard. Undoubtedly it is rarer than others, but brilliant examples do not miss. In this particular sacrifice like in other ones, we have to think to the following rules: Some Queen Sacrifices will be studied in forthcoming chapters of our lecture, in Chess-Theory analysed games, as well as in other parts of this site. (Classical Chess Theory - NCT VI - "Chess move classification"). A Clearing Out Sacrifice is a sacrifice having for objective to make free an obstructed strategic line. Sometimes the sacrificed piece is obstructing this line, but it happens equally that the line is obstructed by an enemy piece; in this last case the intention is to deviate this one and the move is a Deviation Sacrifice. (Classical Chess Theory - NCT VI - "Chess move classification"). Destructive Sacrifice: Sacrificing material to destroy the pawn cover or other protection around the enemy King. Usually a point of no return (see:
www.arkangles.com/kchess/ - Glossary of chess terms )
(Classical Chess Theory - NCT VI - "Chess move classification").
A Deviation Sacrifice is a sacrifice whose the goal is to deviate an enemy chessman either from the square that he occupies, or from lines which he controls, or again from the sector where he is useful for a given role. This kind of sacrifice is rather frequent and very often intervenes during an attack, in complement of other actions. (Classical Chess Theory - NCT VI - "Chess move classification"). An Obstructing Sacrifice is a sacrifice having for objective to block off a line (file, rank or diagonal) useful for the opponent. We will study later on this site some typical examples (Classical Chess Theory - NCT VI - "Chess move classification"). A Mating Sacrifice is a sacrifice of which the intention is to lead to a checkmate by an explicite way We will study later on this site some typical examples (Classical Chess Theory - NCT VI - "Chess move classification"). King Safety: In a Chess game, the security of the King is a significant feature, directly in relation with the initiative. Often chess players obnubilated by the initiative delay to the maximum the moment of castle and end up forgetting to make it. In fact it may be effectively an interesting offensive strategy, in some openings, to delay the moment of castle and even sometimes, in particular if the King is relatively in safety in the center, to give up quite simply castling. At all events, we should not forget that a vulnerable King is a serious obstacle with freedom of manoeuvre and initiative, for the following reasons: (Classical & Current Chess Theory - New Chess Theory - NCT XVI - "Offensive strategy"). We will study separately the case where White (Black) King is in security (Chess Theory - Chess Analysis). We will study separately the case where White (Black) King is not in security. A first interesting example is given by the A43-pivot game (see: Pivot Game):
Gruenfeld, Ernst - Keres, Paul [A43-b8*] Przepiorka men, Szczawno Zdroj,
1950 - Chess-Theory Analyzed Game No 065 After: 14...Bh6-+ Keres has a good plan integrating many aspects of the configuration; and among them the fact that the White King is not safety (Chess Theory - Chess-Theory Analysis). Sans voir: French: "without seeing". Playing chess blindfolded (Chess Practice). Saw: A zigzag pawn formation also name stonewall formation (see: Stonewall) (Modern Chess Theory - Hans Kmoch's Terminology). Novela degli Scacchi: (Chess & Cinema - Chess & Life - Chess Passion). Schacchia Ludus: Medieval poem by Vida (the title means "The Game of Chess"), written in 1513. It inspired Sir William Jones's 1763 poem "Caissa" (Chess History - see: Chess-Poster.com). Scholar's Mate: 1.e4 e5 2.Bc4 Bc5 3.Qh5 Nf6 5.Qxf7#
(Chess Practice - Chess Tactics). Scope: The number of squares to which a piece can move; this notion is in relation to mobility (see: Mobility) (Chess Terminology). Score: A written record of a Chess game containing all the moves. Means equally, the player's result in a game, match or tournament (Chess Practice - Chess Terminology). Score Sheet: The sheet of paper on which a Chess score is recorded (Chess Terminology). Screened Piece: A piece which is guarded from attack by a pin (Chess Terminology). Schachbilder: «Schach - Schachbilder!!» (Chess & Art - Chess Passion). Search: «by Baldur Birgis - Canon F-1»
«Search... (Chess Practice Today - Chess & Life - Chess Passion). Sector: One or three basic areas of the chessboard: Segerschach: «Segerschach» (Chess Practice Today - Chess & Life - Chess Passion). Semi-open Position: A position that contains some open and closed characteristics (Chess Terminology). Relatively to a pawn of a side P=(i,j) (i.e. situated at the intersection between the i-file and j-rank) a Sentry S is an enemy pawn situated on an adjacent file (the (i-1)-file or the (i+1)-file) and which can block P (Modern Chess Theory - Hans Kmoch's Terminology). An Exchange series is constituted by a sequence of moves during which a large number of chessmen and pawns are exchanged. It happens sometimes that only one importante serie of exchanges abruptly leads from the middle game to the endgame. Another significant feature is that it is generally false that exchanges relieve the weakest camp. Most often the dominant army preserves, after the exchanges, a significant advantage, usually easier to transform into profit. It is clear also that it is often the player having the strongest position which takes the initiative of exchanging. A typical example may be find in analysis of the A43-pivot game (see: Pivot Game):
Kramnik, Vladimir (2758) - Topalov, Veselin (2702) [A43-m8*] Amber-rapid
9th Monte Carlo (4), 2000 - Chess-Theory Analyzed Game No 061
Kramnik is certainly right to play: 23.Rxg8+ instead of: 23.Nf5+?! leading to an exchange series favourable to Black. (Chess Theory - Chess-Theory Analysis). Shadow Chess:
«- Shadow Chess - (Chess Practice Today - Chess & Life - Chess Passion). Sham Twin: A double panw whose undoubling is assured beforehand (Modern Chess Theory - Hans Kmoch's Terminology). Sharp: Bold, aggressive moves or positions. A sharp player is a player who revels in dynamic, tactical situations (Chess Practice - see: ARK Angles - Great Australian Software). Shielding: A piece (pawn or figure) being protected from frontal attack by an opponent pawn situated on the same file (Modern Chess Theory - Hans Kmoch's Terminology). Short Castling: Castling on the kingside (see: Kingside) (Chess Terminology - Chess Rule). Shot: A strong move that was not expected (Chess Terminology). Side view of the Board, c.1997. ©-free: «the chess board , a cartesian grid mapping the world in seemingly straight and rational lines, coordinating in time and space the place for battle--»
«Side view of the Board, c.1997. ©-free» (Chess Practice Today - Chess & Life - Chess Passion). Simplification: Exchanging pieces in order to reach a winning endgame, neutralize an opponent attack or simply clarify the position (Chess Terminology). Simul: Another term for Simultaneous Display (Chess Terminology - Chess Practice). Simultaneous Games: Games played simultaneously (i.e. at the same time) by a strong player against a certain number of players (Chess Practice). Le Brahmane Sissa inventant le Chaturanga: «Chess is a war game. Yes, but a war game without bloodshed! By Jean-Michel Péchiné - It was once in the East, an advised Brahman of the name of Sissa. Towards 550 BC, this wise adviser of the Balhit sovereign invented a splendid game, which he named Chaturanga. This Sanskrit term means literally "4 members", like the common name of an army of old India, made up of 4 distinct bodies: Elephants of combat, Tanks of war, Cavalry, Infantry, placed under the orders of a monarch (Rajah).» «This subtle sublimation of a war of conquest was played in the beginning on the mythical table of 8 X 8 boxes, called Vastu Purusha Mandala, that priest-architectures used to draw the plans of temples and cities. But Indians, like Persians, their neighbors, were inveterate players. Towards 600 BC, these highly excited punters had diverted this paramount diagram of its ritual first use, by melting it in a profane table of play, which they had renamed Ashatapada, literally "Eight squares".» «Such is the name of the primitive chessboard, seen as a stylized battle field. Already, being the subject of the most various stakes, Chaturanga, considered as the first of the wargames, as well spread in the antiques "houses of play" of old India, as in its richer palates.» (Chess History - Chess Mythology). A Reversal Situation occurs, in a game, when for many reasons the initiative or/and the advantage changes from one side to the other; in view to understand this mechanism the best way is to study some typical. This is effectively the central theme of the game:
Fushs, Thomas (2080) - Halay, Taufik (2320) [A43-w7*] HZ op Vlissingen
(9), 2005 - Chess-Theory Analyzed Game No 066
***Theory*** - The main interest of this game is to exemplify a Reversal Situation (RSIT:) and equally the significance of the Open File Fight (OPFF:). Precisely: 1) At the end of the middle game White has a better position. But nevertheless Black position is Without Weakness (BWWE:). 2) By an inaccurate play, during the endgame, White loses gradually all perspectives. 3) The lever of the Black' s victory is the penetration into the White' s camp via the b-Open File: b-Open File Attack (bOFA:). (Current Chess Theory - Chess-Theory Analysis). Skewer: A tactic where an enemy piece is attacked and forced to move, exposing another enemy piece behind it to be captured (Chess Tactics). Smothered Mate: A cheakmate given by a Knight, all squares adjacent to the opponent King being occupied by pieces of his camp. A simple example is the short game: 1.d4 d5 2.Nc3 Nf6 3.e4 dxe4 5.Qe2 Nbd7 6.Nxe4 c6?? 7.Nd6#
(Chess Practice - Chess Tactics). Solkoff Score: A tie-breaking system applicable to Swiss tournaments. A player's Solkoff Score is equal to the scores off all his opponents (Chess Practice - see: Chess-Poster.com). Sonneborn-Berger Score: A tie-breaking system. An individual's Sonneborn-Berger score equals the sum of the scores of the players beaten plus half the sum of the scores of players with whom draws were scored (Chess Practice - see: Chess-Poster.com). Soul of Chess: The Philidor's quote about chess pawns: "Les pions sont l'âme des échecs" in: Analyse du Jeu des Echecs (Analysis of Chess (Chess History - Chess Practice). Space: The amount of area of the board controlled by each camp (Chess Terminology). Space Count: Method of counting all squares controled or attacked by each piece on the chessboard. The side ahead in the space count has an obvious advantage (Chess Practice - Chess Theory). Span (of a pawn): The pawn's vertical distance from the edges of the board; in other words the number of squares in front of this pawn or behind it (Current Chess Theory - Hans Kmoch's Terminology). Spanish Game: Also known as the Ruy Lopez. One of the oldest Chess openings, it was analyzed by Ruy Lopez in his 1561 book "Libro del Ajedrez": 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bb5
This opening allows a quick White short castling (Chess Opening Theory - see: Chess-Poster.com). In a given position, a side benefit from a Spatial Advantage if, globally speaking, its army occupies a significant part of the board, containing some strategic squares of the opponent half-chessboard (see: Half-chess-board). It is not difficult to specify this concept and we have some ideas for that, which will be soon exposed. A very clear example is given in the game:
Jussupow, Artur (2490) - Vaganian, Rafael A (2570) [A43-u7*] URS-ch47
Minsk (2), 1979 - Chess-Theory Analyzed Game No 064 by the position obtained after the excellent White's move: 28.Rh4+- (Current & New Chess Theory - NCT XVI - "Offensive strategy"). It is easy to find many examples of games with a clear White or Black Spatial Advantage. Effectively in the game:
Grunfeld, Ernst - Keres, Paul [A43-b8*] Przepiorka men Szczawno Zdroj,
1950 - Chess-Theory Analyzed Game No 065 you may notice a Black spatial advantage after: 14...Bh6+-
and still much more clearly after: 20...Qg3!
(Current & New Chess Theory - NCT XVI - "Offensive strategy"). We discovered the concept of Spectrum in 2001 and we published a first article on this subject in the French Chess monthly "CDE" (CDE - «Courrier des échecs» 517, april, 2002, p.119). Currently this idea remains one of the bases of our interpretation of Chess. Let us consider a given position (with parity!) (see: Parity of a Position), named P. We suppose that P is submitted to an accurate study in view to unearth the arborescence of all playable lines with a depth of analysis of a reasonable number of moves (depending on the position). The Spectrum of P is rightly the arborescence of all playable lines, starting from P, with a depth of analysis of a reasonable number of moves depending on P, able to preserve the position and to reinforce it if possible. This judgement is evidently relative to White if P is even and Black if P is odd. This concept is evidently a theoretical one; nevertheless it penetrates in the heart of the Chess reality and we find to it a great interest so much theoretical that practise, for the following reasons: (New Chess Theory - NCT VIII - "Spectrum of a Position" - NCT XVII - "Matter and Energy"). Be able to construe or to delineate the "spectrum of a position" means exactly to discover the major secrecies of the Chess game; we know it is quite impossible. Also, we are mainly interested by a particular characteristic of the spectrum, which is its width. The Width of a spectrum is, strictly speaking, the number of play line of the spectrum, relative to a given position P. But, unfortunately, this number does not exist, because we are in the impossibility (not theoretical, but practical) to give to the spectrum a rigorous mathematical formulation. Also, by Width of the Spectrum of a position P we means a sufficiently accurate estimation (qualitative) of the theoretical width (quantitative), which is impossible to reach. (New Chess Theory - NCT VIII - "Spectrum of a position" - NCT XVII - "Matter and Energy"). White (Black) Spectrum: During a Chess game, at a given time: A particularly interesting and instructive aspect is that there is not necessarily a clear correlation between the spectrum of a camp and that of the other. In other words, a side can have a broad spectrum whereas the adversary has only one very narrow spectrum. (New Chess Theory - NCT VIII - "Spectrum of a position" - NCT XVII - "Matter and Energy"). White (Black) Infinite Spectrum: It is only a convenient manner of speaking expressing that White (Black) does not have any constraint to play, as it is the case at the beginning of a game (New Chess Theory - NCT VIII - "Spectrum of a position"). White (Black) Very Wide Spectrum: Means that White (Black) disposes of a very great freedom to choose his answer and can expect in theory that it will be always thus during several moves (New Chess Theory - NCT VIII - "Spectrum of a position"). White (Black) Wide Spectrum: Means that White (Black) disposes of a great freedom to choose his answer and can expect in theory that it will be always thus during several moves (New Chess Theory - NCT VIII - "Spectrum of a position"). White (Black) Medium Spectrum: Means that the combat is started or that, for a reason or another (threats, lack of space etc...) possibilities of answers are restricted, although exists however, and this presumably for several moves, a reasonable number of choices for White (Black) (New Chess Theory - NCT VIII - "Spectrum of a position"). White (Black) Narrow Spectrum: Means that the combat is started or that, for a reason or another (threats, lack of space etc...) possibilities of answers are strongly restricted for White (Black) (New Chess Theory - NCT VIII - "Spectrum of a position"). White (Black) Cramped Spectrum: Means that the combat is reaching a critical point or that a very constraining combination is engaged, so that cannot be played, by White (Black), than an extremely reduced number of lines of play preserving the position (New Chess Theory - NCT VIII - "Spectrum of a position"). White (Black) Empty Spectrum: There is no good response for White (Black); any line of play leads unrelentingly to a degradation of the White (Black) position (New Chess Theory - NCT VIII - "Spectrum of a position"). Having a very broad or infinite spectrum means essentially that the combat between both armies is not really engaged!... Thus, it is not a very exciting objective. Also we have been searching for a more relevant feature of the spectrum... And sincerely we arrived without too much evil to a convincing concept, corresponding ideally to the concrete evolution of a Chess game where there are a winner and a loser. It is this simple idea that we want to present now. At a given time, in a Chess game, White (Black) has a Dynamic Spectrum if White (Black) is able to impose that the game is directed in a way leading, for his camp, to an improvement strict of the position, whether it is material, dynamic or integrate both components. Generally, in this case, the opponent has only a narrow or cramped spectrum; eventually an empty spectrum. We may had there is then a presumption of victory; but not always a certainty. (New Chess Theory - NCT VIII - "Spectrum of a position" - NCT XVII - "Matter and Energy"). Speculative: A risky or unclear move, combination or plan (Chess Practice - Chess Terminology). Nicolas Sphicas Art: «Art in Greece»
«Nicolas Sphicas Art - Art in Greece (Chess Practice Today - Chess & Life - Chess Passion). Spite Check: A check by a player facing a mating attack which does not prevent the mating attack but only delays it (Chess Practice - Chess Terminology). A Strong Square is, in a given position, for a side, a square S owning the two following properties: Let us notice that a strong square for a camp is a weak square or a hole for the opponent. About strong squares let us add some remarks:
(Current Chess Theory - NCT XI - "Chess pawn structure II"). Let us consider a position P and a square S=(i,j) (intersection between the i-file and the j-rank) of the board. i) j=4, 5, 6, 7 or 8 ii) No one Black pawn is able to reach the squares (i-1,j+1) & (i+1,j+1). i) j=5, 4, 3, 2 or 1 ii) No one White pawn is able to reach the squares (i-1,j-1) & (i+1,j-1). (Current Chess Theory - NCT XI - "Chess pawn structure II"). A Weak Square for a side is a strong square for the opponent (Current Chess Theory - Chess Terminology). A White (Black) Weak Square is a Black (White) Strong Square (Current Chess Theory - Chess Terminology). The Domination on Light (Dark) Squares is an interesting characteristic of some positions. This situation is the result of some features like this: (Classical Chess Theory). Absolutely speaking the Start-Square of a given piece is the square it is located at the beginning of the game (in the Start-Position). But we use equally this term for each movement on the board. Let us watch a position P (even if White has to play, odd if Black has to play). When is played a piece M : (Chess Terminology). An escape Square is a square to which a King in check can move (Chess Terminology). Squeeze: Exploiting a bind by the gradual build-up of pressure upon the enemy's position. This is done by creating more new threats until your opponent cannot meet them all. (Current Chess Theory - see: ARK Angles - Great Australian Software). Stalemate: A position where the side having to play is not in check and has no legal move at its disposal. In this case the game is a draw (Chess Practice - Chess Rule). Star Trek 3D-Chess: «The Goddesschess Galleries - Art and Artifact»
«Star Trek 3D-Chess Stauton Chessmen: A pattern of Chessmen (the ordinary design found in plastic, wood, jade or whatever) named after Howard Staunton (1810 - 1874), a British Chess Champion. It was designed in 1835 by Nathaniel Cook who convinced Howard Staunton in 1852 that they should be designated Staunton Chessmen. They are the Chessmen required by FIDE (Chess History - Chess Practice - see: Chess-Poster.com). Strange Game: «Strange game» (Chess Practice Today - Chess & Life - Chess Passion). The Strategy is the overall concept that a player has of the unfolding of the game which he is playing. One can thus say that the strategy is the whole set of ideas and designs which underlie the choice of of successive moves and gives them an impetus and a general direction. Strategy is more concerned with distant future moves than by the calculation of combinations and tactics for immediate moves. Nevertheless, the strategic reflexion on the course of the game starts with the first move and is completed only with the final conclusion. Strategic ideas, gradually clarified at the beginning of the game, led first to the development of a project and end up taking the codified form of a plan (see Plan). Thus the plan first of all reveals the depth and the relevance of the strategic vision of the player. (Current & New Chess Theory - NCT XVI - "Offensive strategy" - NCT XVIII - "Choice of a plan"). Offensive Strategy: On this site this expression will be used in the particular meaning we should develop in the New Chess Theory Lecture. (New Chess Theory - NCT XVI - "Offensive strategy" - NCT XVII - "Matter and Energy"). Pawn Structure is a general expression cover up knowledge of all singular features of the set of all pawns on the board. The Pawn Structure is a fundamental aspect in the analysis of a position, and consequently of a game, because this is the more significant aspect of its "general structure". We may emphasise the importance of pawn structure by saying that one recognize two characteristics in a Chess position P: It is interesting to notice that the pawn structure evolves, in a game, exactly like the skeleton of a human being during his life. But precisely, this evolution is very slow and this structure (this skeleton) remains a fundamental characteristic from the beginning to the end! (Current & New Chess Theory - NCT X & XI - "Chess pawn structure I & II"). White (Black) Pawn Structure is a general expression cover up knowledge of all singular features of the set of all White (Black) pawns on the board. (Current & New Chess Theory - NCT X & XI - "Chess pawn structure I & II"). Mobile Pawn Structure: A pawn structure characterized, in particular, by its mobility (see: Mobility) (Current Chess Theory). A Blocked Pawn Structure is essentially constituted by pawns unable to move (Current Chess Theory). Study: Accurate study of a position that highlights some tactical themes (Chess Practice). In spite of various constraints of the game and the need for choosing each time, if possible, the best answer, each player has a certain degree of freedom, which enables him to affirm his personality. Also each player may affirm his Style of playing: choice of the opening, open or closed game, gambit or not, aggressivity or carefulness, reseach of a complicated game or taste of simplification, will to gain even at the price of risks etc... (Chess Practice). Sudden Death: A time period in a game of Chess in which all remaining moves must be completed. The rate of play required by many international tournaments is 40 moves in two hours, followed by 20 moves in one hour, and then half an hour extra for the rest of the game. The third and last part of this time control is known as sudden death, and does not require adjournment (Chess Practice - Chess Rule - see: Logical Chess - Glossary of Chess Terminology). Chess supercomputer crushes grandmaster: «Chess grandmaster Michael Adams discusses his loss to Hydra, a supercomputer with the processing power of 200 million moves a second. He managed a draw in six games.»
«Chess supercomputer crushes grandmaster» «Credit: VisMedia More Galleries Photos: PS3s onstage Photos: Airborne laser enlists for missile defense Photos: At Accenture, RFID and sensors are on track Screenshots: Google takes up finance Photos: Earth gets treated to solar eclipse» (Chess Practice Today - Chess & Life - Chess Passion). Swindle: A trick pulled from an inferior position (Chess Practice - Chess Terminology). Swiss System: A method of pairing players at a tournament, developed in Switzerland in the 19th century by Dr. Julius Muller and first employed in 1895. The three fundamental rules of the Swiss System are: 1) No player meets the same opponent twice. 2) Pairings should match players with scores which are as similar as possible. 3) The number of games as White and as Black for each player should be kept as close as possible to equal throughout the tournament. (Chess Practice - chess Rule - see: Chess.Poster.com). Symmetry: A situation in which both armies are identically placed on their respective sides of the board. For example: 1.c4 c5 2.Nc3 Nc6 3.g3 g6 4.Bg2 Bg6 5.Nf3 Nf6 6.0-0 0-0 7.a3 a6 8.Rb1 Rb8 9.b4 cxb4 10.axb4 b5 11.cxb5 axb5
is a well-known symmetrical position that comes from the English Opening (Chess Practice - see: www.JeremySilman.com).
The
Chess-Theory Glossary is presented on 25 pages.
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